When it comes to men’s health, prostate cancer is a topic that often goes under the radar, even though it’s one of the most common. Regular screenings and early detection can significantly improve the chances of successful treatment.
Identifying the First Signs of Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer occurs when cells in the prostate gland begin to grow and multiply uncontrollably. While prostate cancer can be a serious and potentially fatal disease, early detection and treatment can significantly improve a patient’s chances of recovery.
Some of the most common signs include changes in urination, such as increased frequency or difficulty starting or stopping urination. 1 Other possible clues may include blood in the urine or semen, or pain or discomfort during ejaculation.
Signs of Advanced Prostate Cancer
One of the signs of advanced prostate cancer is the spread of cancer cells beyond the prostate gland. 2 This may result in symptoms such as pain or stiffness in the bones, especially in the hips, spine, or ribs.
Advanced prostate cancer may also cause urinary problems, such as difficulty urinating, frequent urination, or blood in the urine. In some cases, men with advanced prostate cancer may experience erectile dysfunction or unexplained weight loss.
Identifying the Possible Risk Factors of Prostate Cancer
While the exact causes of prostate cancer remain unclear, researchers have identified several possible risk factors that increase a man’s likelihood of developing this disease. 3 One of the most significant risk factors is age, with men over the age of 50 at higher risk than younger men. Other factors include genetics, family history, race, and lifestyle factors like diet and exercise habits.
What Men Should Know About Screening for Prostate Cancer
Screening for prostate cancer involves testing for the presence of cancer cells in the prostate gland. There are two primary screening methods used by doctors to detect prostate cancer: the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test and the digital rectal exam (DRE). 4
The PSA test measures the level of PSA in the blood, which is a protein produced by the prostate gland. Elevated PSA levels may indicate the presence of cancerous cells in the prostate gland. The DRE, on the other hand, involves a physical exam in which a doctor inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum to feel for lumps or other abnormalities in the prostate gland.